Německá doga je národním psem Německa. Dožívá se průměrně 10 let a dnes se chová jako společník a hlídač. Plemeno vzniklo pravděpodobně křížením mastifa a chrtů. Často trpí záněty kloubů a kostními nádory. Dříve byla doga chována za účelem lovení zvěře a také jako válečný pes.
Historie
Prapředek plemene přišel do Evropy se sarmantským kmenem Alanů, který žil na území dnešního Ruska v Asii. Plemeno se tedy odvozuje od alaunta, který byl znám již ve 13. století. V 16. a 17. století se doze podobní psi těšili velké oblibě na německých knížecích dvorech, kde se využívali nejen při štvanicích na vysokou, ale rovněž jako hlídači a společníci. Postupem času docházelo ke křížení s jinými plemeny psů, zvláště pak chrty, kteří přispěli k celkovému zlehčení a zušlechtění typu. V 19. století už nebyl chov velkých psů pouze výsadou šlechty a doga se tak šířila i mezi neprivilegované vrstvy. Její síly využívali k tahu například řezníci. Doga se v té době vyskytovala v několika barevných rázech lišících se územním rozšířením a názvem. Na jihu Německa převažovali černě skvrnití psi, známí jako ulmské dogy, v severním Německu byla rozšířena modře a žlutě zbarvená zvířata, tzv. dánské dogy (v Anglii a Francii je plemeno známo pod tímto názvem dodnes). Ke sjednocení barevných variet pod jednotným názvem Německá doga došlo roku 1880 na schůzi rozhodčích v Berlíně, kde byly zároveň definovány hlavní znaky plemene.
Popis těla
Doga patří mezi největší psí plemena (výška v kohoutku: psi - min. 80 cm, feny - 72 cm), stavbou těla tvoří kompromis mezi lehkostí chrtů a mohutností ostatních dogovitých plemen. Formát těla je spíše kvadratický (platí hlavně u psů). Hlava je úzká, protáhlá, se středně velkýma očima co nejtmavší barvy (u modrých a skvrnitých dog je přípustné světlé oko), zavěšenýma ušima a převislými pysky. Má poměrně dlouhý a elegantní krk, na kterém podle standardu nesmí být volná kůže. Hrudník německé dogy má tvar V a musí mít dobře klenutá žebra. Přední nohy zaujímají rovný postoj, zadní nohy jsou silné, dobře zaúhlené a při pohledu zezadu rovnoběžné s předními. Ocas je dlouhý a postupně se zužuje. Srst je krátká, hustá a hladce přiléhající. Dogy jsou chovány ve třech varietách: 1) žlutá a žíhaná (u obou je žádoucí černá maska), 2) černá a skvrnitá (skvrny jsou černé, šedá nebo hnědavá barva je nažádoucí), 3) modrá (ocelově modrá).
Chování a nároky německé dogy
Plemeno je velmi přítulné, oddané svému pánovi a je to poměrně dobrý hlídač. K cizím lidem se chová spíše rezervovaně, ale nikdy nepřátelsky. Doga je hodná k dětem a není divoká. Má vysoce vyvinutý smečkový pud a sociální chování, proto se nejlépe cítí v rodinném kruhu. Je to pes, který se hodí do města a nevyžaduje náročnou péči o srst. I přes svou velikost není náročná na množství pohybu, dobře se snáší s ostatními psy a může žít celoročně
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